US

US United States (US) and Iran initially has good relations in mid to end 19th century. However, sour relations emerged after the end of the Second World War when the Persian Gulf started exporting huge amounts of oil and the intrigues of the cold war started taking centre stage in international politics.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on US Iran Conflict specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The good relationship between Iran and America was observed under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavis rule but it took a turn for the worse after the Iranian revolution of 1979 (Lesch, 2003, p. 52). Some observers attribute the poor relations to American arrogance but others note that such conflict was unavoidable because of the wave of Islamic revolution (directed against Western domination) sweeping across many Muslim states (Dow Jones Company, 2010, p. 3). One of the greatest hallmarks to Iran and US relations lies in the overthrow of Musdaqq in 1953 (Lesch, 2003, p. 52). Many observers are of the opinion that since the US gave a lot of support to the then leader, Muhammad Shah, and helped plan the 1953 coup (that brought Shah to power), many people supported anti-US/Western ideals which led to the 1979 Islamic revolution (Lesch, 2003, p. 52). The strong anti-US sentiments were largely harbored by many Iranians because it was widely believed that the US orchestrated the 1953 coup to overthrow Musdaqq in order to gain control of Iran’s oil wealth and establish a dictatorship government at the same time (Gasiorowski, 2004, p. 261). After the success of the coup and an establishment of Shah as the Iranian leader, the American government gave a lot of support to Shah’s government. In fact, during Shah’s first week in government, the US gave Iran more than $68million in emergency fund after which it followed by giving the oil rich nation more than $1.2 billion, the following decade (Gasiorowski , 2004, p. 273). US-Iran relations thereafter became very rosy until Iran started getting a lot of money from its oil revenues (within the 1960-1970 periods). This development slowly diluted US’s influence in Iran and consequently made Shah develop a bad reputation in the West. Nonetheless, the support US government had been giving Shah over the past years mounted a lot of criticisms on Shah as an independent leader. Unrest therefore grew in Iran over an upheaval of Western ideals in the nation. These sentiments later lead to the ousting of Shah in the 1979 Islamic revolution which also took the US by surprise. It is however interesting that six months prior to the revolution, the US had passed a verdict on Iran, saying that it was nowhere close to a revolution or prerevolutionary state (Gasiorowski, 2004). After the revolution, Ayatollah was established as Iran’s interim leader.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ayatollah was predominantly against Western ideals; further soiling relations between America and Iran. Subsequent events saw Iranians take Americans hostage for 444 days; a development that greatly angered the US and resulted in trade restrictions and embargoes on Iran (Beisner, 2003, p. 1222). This was to be later followed by warfare; like the failed coup to rescue the American hostages and the 1983 Hezbollah bombings carried out by the US on terrorism grounds (Beisner, 2003, p. 1222). In 1988, the US carried out more attacks on Iran because of the conflict on Iranian mines and also in the same year, the US shot down an Iranian commercial plane which killed more than 255 people including 66 children (Beeman, 2008, p. 132). Nonetheless, these attacks seized after Iranian reformers advocated for more negotiations with the US in solving the persistent wrangles between the two countries. In 2005, Iran got a new president, Mahmud, Ahmadinejad who to a great extent bases his policies on religious principles and anti liberal policies. US concerns on Iran’s nuclear programme has been top in the list, defining US -Iran relations because the US under the Bush government consistently accused Iran of enriching its Uranium deposits and insisted that Iran had to pay the consequences for such actions. This has been the biggest issue between Iran and America today. However, after the exit of George W. Bush and an entry of Obama into White house, the issues plaguing Iran and US relations have taken a milder form, considering Obama’s change in approach to Iran issues. However, this is not to be assumed that the pertinent issues affecting the two countries have disappeared. In fact, after Obama took office, Iran raised a number of concerns which it wanted the US to look into; starting from the 1953 coup, US’s support for Saddam Hussein to attack Iran and US’s shooting down of commercial air flight 655 (Beeman, 2008, p. 132). Collectively, many observers point out that the US has greatly shifted its policies towards Middle Eastern countries and the threat of a nuclear armed Iran has never created peace between the US and Iran. This study proposes that the threat of an oncoming war between the US and Iran is very real because there are a number of issues that still underlie the relationship between the two nations and they are still to be solved decades later. These issues include Iran’s exportation of terrorism and funding of terrorist activities, US’s accusations that Iran holds weapons of mass destruction, Iran’s threats to its neighbors in the Persian Gulf, Iran’s constant assertion that it wishes â€Å"death on America†, Iran’s persistent opposition towards a peaceful Arab-Israeli world, and Iran’s historical violation of human rights.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on US Iran Conflict specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These concerns characterize the Iran-US conflict and its magnitude is slowly weighing down on the two countries by the year. However, this nature of conflict can be explained through a number of theories which will be employed in this study to explain the threat of war between the two countries. The bottom line however remains that there is a high likelihood of war between Iran and the US in the near future. Realist Theory The realist theory has been used for a long time to define how nations relate. It majorly revolves around the concepts of state-centrism, survival and self help (Spegele, 1996, p. 1). State-centrism is based on the theory that states are often autonomous entities and their actions are centrally dictated without the influence of external parties. In this manner, the realist theory downplays the influence of non-state actors but upholds the influence of the state in defining international relations. The concept of survival notes that states are often motivated by selfish interests and would advance their own agendas without much consideration to other relevant factors. This concept also advances the fact that there is no central authority in international relations and states would often do whatever they wish without much control from external agents. The self help concept notes that a nation state should rely much on itself without expecting much assistance from another state. This means that many nations rely upon their resources and capabilities to advance their own interests without expecting much assistance from other states (Spegele, 1996, pp. 1-5). From the above analysis, we can deduce the fact that the realist theory to a significant degree outlines the sour relationship between the US and Iran. Also from the same framework of the realist theory, we can quantify the potential threat of war between the two nations. Most of the actions exhibited by the US expose how much state-centrism characterizes Iran -US politics. Much of US’s actions, starting with the Iran coup of 1953 to the support given to Saddam by the US in attacking Iran are all signs of an all-powerful state. The Influence of non-state actors and international institutions in this conflict is conspicuously absent because of the aggressive nature of the US in determining Iran politics for its own interests.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The 1953 coup was a clear example of the state-centric approach exhibited by the US because the US acted as a billiard ball in influencing Iranian politics. In fact, the actions by the US to orchestrate the coup can be largely seen as a distinct action by the US because no other state or international institution had much to do with the coup. Also, the principle of survival can be observed from US’s interests in Iranian politics. Iran’s actions can also be viewed in the same manner because there is a deep-seated sense of anarchy governing the politics of Iran. The 1953 coup and the Islamic revolution of 1979 is evidence enough of a lack of central authority in Iranian politics. Coups for example often occur because of a lack of central authority where people can express their grievances and at the same time, it also shows a lack of maturity for democratic processes in any country. In advanced countries, the law and the constitution form the government, which later beco mes the central authority. In this case, the existing laws that should set up the government should be the central authority to be respected by all prospective leaders but apparently, this seemed to be what Iran was lacking. This observation prompted the coup and later, subsequent ousting of leaders from power followed. All these actions show a lack of central authority not only on the part of Iran but also on the part of the US. Actions by the US, for example, bombing the Iranian air flight and not apologizing for it, shows the extent to which states go to extreme levels to uphold their selfish interests. The selfish interest being protected in this case is the domination by the US on Iranian politics in order to control Iranian oil reserves. Additionally, Iran’s enrichment of Uranium and allegations of uranium enrichment with consequential effects on US security also reflect on the selfish interests of the states. From the analysis of the realist theory, we can therefore de duce the fact that states are usually very autonomous and operate within an anarchic international system of politics which is largely unregulated. The level of deregulation in international politics and indeed international relations advances the fact that Iran and US can certainly go into war because there are not many international bodies or third parties to stop them. The realist theory also suggests that the two states are likely to go to unprecedented levels (including war) to safeguard their own interests and address their security concerns (Spegele, 1996, p. 3). This therefore means that both Iran and the US can be potentially be very aggressive and war wouldn’t come as a surprise to many. Constructivism Constructivism, developed as a result of the failure of the realist and neo realist approaches to predict the end of the cold war. Nonetheless, the theory emphasizes a lot on social elements as a determinant of international politics (Kegley, 2008, p. 39). This idea c an be evaluated progressively because the theory bases its foundations on the development of ideas. These ideas later develop into international structures which states abide by, but the said structures are likely to lead to the development of state interests which later determine how states and non state actors relate to safeguard their own interests (Kegley, 2008, p. 39). Constructivism therefore derives its authority from the inclusion of social, cultural, persuasive and collective ideas in determining how states relate. This concept can be largely witnessed in the Iran- US relations. Obviously, Iran being an Islamic state, most of its actions and policies are largely dominated by Islamic principles. The anti-western sentiments (leading to the Islamic revolution of 1979) are also social elements which characterize Iran’s relations with the US. In fact, the Islamic revolution was largely dictated by social factors (religion) which the constructive theory relies on to predic t international relations. In this manner, we can deduce the fact that international relations between the US and Iran has to a significant degree been socially constructed. Social construction in Iran-US relations can be largely evidenced in a religious context, especially focusing on the actions of Iran’s leaders. Leaders who were perceived to be Western puppets such as Shah never got a huge following in Iran because of the different social beliefs that characterizes US and Iran. However those leaders who to a great extent resisted Western influence got a huge following in Iran because the people felt like the leaders advanced their own social beliefs. This scenario can be evidenced through Musddaqq and more recently, Ahmadinejad. These leaders have significantly represented strong Muslim beliefs which have determined their actions with regard to Iran’s policies with the US. To a significant degree, some of the most pressing issues between the US and Iran have not be en economic but social because of the apparent differences in religious principles. In fact, Iran’s leader Mahmud Ahmadinejad has been quoted in some sections of the press purporting that US’s arrogance is brought about by the country’s dominance over minority groups (Muslims) (Kegley, 2008, p. 39). These sentiments were also expressed with regards to US’s relations with other Arab nations. The approach taken by US in defining its relationship with Iran has also been largely dictated by Iran’s funding of terrorism activities. This is largely a serious security issue, brought about by the social construct of the US and Iran. Indeed, through the funding of terror groups such as Hezbollah, Iran is doing so with a common purpose of fighting for Muslim interests, especially with regards to the conflict in Lebanon. The US has therefore imposed restrictions and embargos on Iran due to such activities. More vivid is Iran’s stand on the Israel-Lebano n conflict. Iran is in support of Lebanon while the US has been largely assumed to support Israel. What is predominantly seen is the big religious divide that exists in these states. The US and Israel are Christian states while Iran and Lebanon are Muslim states. Therefore, the underlying premise behind the US and Iran relations have been partly attributed to the religious differences between the two nations. The difference between the constructive theory and the realist theory is that the constructive theory does not emphasize a lot on security issues like the realist theory does. Instead, a lot of weight is given to the social construct of the society and its influence on foreign policy. Proponents of the Constructive theory note that international conflicts based on constructive elements may have far reaching implications and may go on for long periods of time. In the same manner, such type of conflicts may trample over materialistic interests because state actions may go beyond rational thought (Kegley, 2008, p. 39). These factors withstanding, war is not an out of the ordinary occurrence between the two nations. Marxist Theory The Marxist theory purports that international relations are majorly driven by materialistic and economic factors. In this manner, states operate within a wider capitalistic system of operation where they are driven by economic interests above all other factors of concern (Chatterjee, 2010, p. 27). This ideology also necessitates the development of class structures, not only in the society but within international relations as well. Coming back to the Iran-US relations, it is evidently clear that the bad relations started because of a pursuance of US economic interests in Iran. More notable is the 1953 coup that installed Shah as the Iranian leader. Shah rose to power with the help of the US because the US found it easy to relate with Iran if it had a pro-western leader. Also, the US’s stand on Iran has been largely motivated by its overall Middle East agenda. In other words, the US has a lot of interest on oil exports from the Persian Gulf and the increased dominance of Iran in the region (which adopts an anti Western stand) has the potential of destabilizing the economic balance in Middle East which the US is benefiting from (Chatterjee, 2010, p. 28). It is therefore important that in the interest of the US, Iran has a Western friendly leader. Such are the intrigues that characterize US’s relations with the Iran. However, subsequent leaders (after the Islamic revolution) saw Iran adopt an anti Western policy on many of its foreign relations. These leaders (like Mahmud) have further soiled relations between the US and Iran because they didn’t/don’t agree with the US’s policies in the Middle East. Nonetheless, these intrigues characterize the Marxist theory because US is largely seen as having adopted an economic agenda which is characteristic of capital accumulation. Of impo rtance is the subcategory of the Marxist theory advancing the fact that globalized capitalistic systems have facilitated the dominance of wealthy nations over poor, third world countries. In this case, the dominant wealthy nation is the US while Iran is the third world state under exploitation. The level of economic interests in play between US and Iran is therefore alarmingly high and when analyzed according to the Marxist theory, the economic interests at stake may lead to a fully blown out war (Chatterjee, 2010, p. 27). This conclusion is drawn from the firm belief by Marxists that economic interests have the potential of transcending all other elements of concern. It is therefore important to note that as much as the relation between the US and Iran is characterized by other issues such as security, if the US continues to lose on its economic agenda in Iran, it may resort to protect it through military means. Conclusion The probability of an emergence of war between Iran and the US is high because of the nature of the conflict between the two nations. Underlying premises to the war can be best analyzed through the realist, constructive and Marxist theories. The realist theory analyzes the concepts of self-help, state-centrism, and survival which are evidently seen in the Iran-US analysis, especially due to the lack of influence from non state actors in the conflict. As a result, the US can take extreme measures in advancing its agenda in Iran and this may include the probability of war. Also, because the conflict between America and Iran is characterized by religious and social differentials, the constructive theory outlines that these factors will characterize future relationships between the two countries to a great extent. Under the constructive theory, such kind of conflict can take a very long time to end and social influences may override economic interests. The probability of a war breaking out, especially from the Iranian part (which is more religi ously socialized) is very high. Lastly, the Marxist theory advances the fact that since the US has considerable economic interests in the Persian Gulf; it may go to unprecedented levels to protect it. This obviously includes war. Considering there is no let up between the two parties, the US and Iran can surely go to war if provocation is felt from the Iranian side. This is in accordance to the Marxist theory, purporting that economic interests may transcend all other interests. The nature of international relations between Iran and the US therefore still remains very volatile. References Beeman, W. O. (2008). The Great Satan Vs. The Mad Mullahs: How the United States And Iran Demonize Each Other. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press. Beisner, R. (2003). American Foreign Relations since 1600: A Guide to the Literature, Volume 1. New York: Abc-Clio. Chatterjee, A. (2010). International Relations Today. New Delhi: Pearson Education India. Dow Jones Company. (2010). QA with Irans Depu ty Foreign Minister for Americas Affairs. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123861706862379499 Gasiorowski, M. J. (2004). Writing in Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran. London: Syracuse University Press. Kegley, C, W. (2008). World Politics: Trend and Transformation. London: Cengage Learning. Lesch, D. W. (2003). The Middle East and the United States: A Historical and Political Reassessment. New York: Routledge. Spegele, R. (1996). Political Realism in International Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Helping Families of Children with Disabilities Essay

Helping Families of Children with Disabilities - Essay Example As Sloper (1999) put it, the manner in which family members perceive and interpret the strains experienced in parenting a facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered child is an important factor for the entire family's wellbeing. Recent technology has provided means for medical parents and carers to diagnose disabilities prior even to the birth of a child. The responsibility of medical and mental health parents and carers to provide aid to parents in understanding their support in their child's disability begins at the moment of information and realization of the disability. Most parents of facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered children feel that because of the added attention and care needed by the child, they need to sacrifice more of their personal ambitions and goals. As the child develops it has been observed that some parents feel that they have to compensate for the disability of their child. Overemphasis on the special needs of their facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered child may result in insufficient attention given to his or her siblings. Such practices lead to maladaptive family development. Thus, tantrums and other behavioral disorders tolerated from a facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered child would begin to manifest in the other children as well as they see that their parents endure such behavior. What parents should be aware of is that tolerance of and inability to addre ss the behavioral aspect of a child's disability may lead to abnormal behavior in other children as well. The need for therapists to address the needs not only of facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered children themselves but of their families as well could not be made clearer. With parents and carers taking on the task of catering to the problems encountered by parents, they are affecting the entire process of development the child would be brought up in. Prior to their child's birth parents are likely to have been exposed to professional dominance and consumerism. Because they are ill prepared for the birth of a facing implications regarding the way in which children's services are designed and delivered child, they are likely to rely heavily on the advice of parents and carers. The inability to comprehend the nature of the diagnosis immobilizes parents from responding to their child's situation. When parents and carers determ ine the diagnosis during the prenatal period and they are able to communicate the same to the parents effectively, parents are able to gradually adapt to their situation. Finally, just as positive regard for the child is important from family and friends, such positive regard is more so needed from parents and carers. Family Therapy Models Raising a facing implicat

Future of US foreign policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Future of US foreign policy - Essay Example by, as well as the concomitant recession; the United States is essentially going broke (Mandelbaum, The Frugal Superpower: Americas Global Leadership in a Cash-Strapped Era). This year alone, the United States registered a $1.3trillion deficit. This means that it will have to find a way of paying for the outsized foreign policy it has; possibly borrow every Penny of the amount. Michael Mandelbaum, the author of Frugal Superpower and a professor at the JHU School of Advanced International Studies, is quick to point out how President Obama, in his speech given at the West Point, talked a lot about limits. The President was talking about the intentions he had about escalating the war. â€Å"For even when he ordered his troops to the war in Afghanistan, the President sought to put limits on the time of their stay, as well as the mission that they were meant to carry out; and he did not forget to clarify the reasons for the limits. He said that America was not able to afford doing anymore other than what had been specified. The most vital theme from the remarks he put across was that he acknowledged the economic constraints America was having especially on its foreign policy; this is a theme that is hardly ever heard from American presidents, last time it was heard was when Roosevelt took America into the second world war† America’s time as the sole world power that is able to impose all its wills on any country everywhere in this world is coming to an end (Mandelbaum, Americas Coming Retrenchment). While this could be seen as a result of the aspect of the international environment, but it isn’t exactly that. As a matter of fact, it is just a recent history artifact whose life was short. Mr. Mandelbaum tries to address the question, now what? Mr. Mandelbaum tries to face up to the â€Å"the tyranny of numbers.† The United States of America does not enjoy the luxury of infinite resources it used to have and that was available for any project it deemed desirable or

Marcel Duchamps and Andy Warhol Essay Example for Free

Marcel Duchamps and Andy Warhol Essay

Missouri Compromise Essay -- essays research papers

Missouri Compromise The Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1877, was mainly caused by the diverging society between the North and the South. The North and the South had different goals. There were many factors that led to the war and the chief ones were political and economic differences between the North and the South. The North’s aggression to control the South had led to the point where it was intolerable. The issue on slavery was one of the causes of the Civil War. Slavery and slave trades had become a big part of the South’s economy. The slaves were needed to work on plantations which helped the South prospered. During the 19th Century, the North worked hard on abolishing slavery, which they thought was a disgrace to the Union. Compromises were proposed working toward an end to slavery. One of the compromises was the Missouri Compromise, which made Maine, a free state, and Missouri, a slave state, excluded slavery from Louisiana Territory and everything above the 36 30-north latitud e. Other compromises such as the Compromise of 1850 did please both sides. The Compromise included admitting California as a free state and interstate slave trade to be abolished, which went in favor of the North. The Compromise also went with the South when it included stricter fugitive slave laws and New Mexico and Utah were created without slave restrictions. A book called, "Uncle Tom’s Cabin" was also published at this time emphasizing the evils of slavery. This added tension...

Go Glow Grow Essay

Go Glow Grow is a nutrition curriculum developed for preschool children. In conjunction with the book Go Glow Grow: Foods for You, children learn about healthy eating, exercising and the importance of hand washing. Using a simplified version of MyPlate, children learn the connection between healthy foods and what they do for the body. †¢Grains are Go foods, they help you run, jump and play all day. †¢Fruits and vegetables are Glow foods; they help you have shiny hair and sparkly eyes. †¢Milk and meat & beans are Grow foods, they help you to grow big and strong. Each lesson includes teacher background information, two activities, snack recipes, and review questions. There is also a take home letter telling parents what their child learned along with an activity and snack recipe to make at home. Glow Foods Apple- Vitamin C Grapes- A, C, B6, Antioxidant Chico-Vitamins, Minerals Pechay- Vitamin A, C, Calcium, Phosphorus Monggo- Protein and Dietary Fiber Malunggay- Iron, Vitamin B, Calcium, Vitamin A Potato- Carbohydrates, Vitamin C, Iron, Fiber Vitamin B-6 Squash- Beta-carotene, Vitamin A and C, magnesium, fiber, folate, riboflavin, phosphorus, potassium and Vitamin B6 Grow Foods Fish- Protein, Zinc, Calcium Chicken- Zinc, Protein, Iron, Vitamins, Minerals 1. Go: Carbohydrates Foods rich in carbohydrates, or â€Å"Go† foods, provide healthy energy. â€Å"Go† foods include bread, cereals, pasta, potatoes and rice. Carbohydrate-containing foods are often high in B vitamins, fiber and other essential nutrients, and are a vital source of energy for the brain. An athlete might eat a plate of pasta before a competition to provide her with  the energy to compete at her best. According to the Food Pyramid, developed by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), a healthy diet includes six to eleven servings of breads/grains per day. 2. Grow: Proteins Foods rich in proteins, or â€Å"Grow† foods, are foods essential for growth and healthy body development. These include milk and dairy products, eggs, meat, fish, nuts, beans and avocados. Proteins strengthen the bones and build healthy muscles. â€Å"Grow† foods keep the heart strong, and help repair and fortify body tissues. Protein foods are often rich in vitamins and minerals. For instance, salmon is high in calcium, magnesium, Vitamins D and E, and Omega-3 fatty acids. The USDA Food Pyramid recommends two to three servings of dairy foods, and 2-3 servings of non-dairy proteins per day. 3. Glow: Fruits and Vegetables Fruits and vegetables, or â€Å"Glow† foods, enhance the glow of skin and hair. Glow foods such as spinach, broccoli, oranges and plums are high in fiber, vitamins and minerals. Soluble fiber such as prebiotics help nourish the friendly bacteria (probiotics) in the intestines to encourage healthy digestion. â€Å"Glow† foods are also rich in valuable antioxidants. Antioxidants include vitamins E, A and C, and minerals such as selenium. These help fight cell damage to keep the immune system healthy.

Animals Have The Right to Protect Themselves - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1231 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Cruelty To Animals Essay Did you like this example? Animals having little to no rights has led humans to severely underestimating their overall welfare and treatment. An all-purpose approach should be carried out regarding the rights and protection of animals: one that balances both corporate farmerrs needs and animal activistrs ideas, in order to ensure a successful, fair outcome. The current status of animal cruelty is a rising issue in American society and the world as a whole. In this day in age, mistreatment of animals leads to a wide range of subtopics; covering anything from abandoned, sick pit bulls, to caged, malnourished factory hens. The case of nineteen-year-old, Calvin Jamaal McLean, is just one example of how domestic animals are not being properly protected against human wrongdoings. During January 2016, Calvin Jamaal McLean was found to have brutally hurt and abandoned his 18-month-old female pit bull, named Lily (1, Prensky). She was found alone in an apartment complex in Greenville, North Carolina. Many domestic animal abandonment cases involve apartment complexes due to certain building restrictions, as Matthew Prensky said, For areas like Greenville, a major contributing factor to animal surrenders involved apartment complexes. Multiple apartment complexes around the area have guidelines for pet ownership (1 Prensky). In the end of the case, Calvin was put into the Pitt County Detention Center on a bond of $110,000, after he was found responsible for abusing and abandoning young Lily (1 Prensky). Do you think this charge will stop others from committing similar crimes in the future? Officer Tim Langley, the director of the Animal Protective Services at the Greenville Police Department believes, if more violators received a harder sentence than less people would be inclined to commit that crime (2 Prensky). This specific account related to the mistreatment of animals is just one of many that occur on the daily. If not now, when will the topic of animal cruelty cease to be such a rising issue in the United States? (***add sentence for ending?) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Animals Have The Right to Protect Themselves" essay for you Create order Corporate farming companies perspective on restricting animals protection rights is easily regarded to by the way they treat their animals. Many farming companies claim they do not want their animals to gain any rights, now or in the future, because it would completely distort their production methods. As stated in an HSUS report, much of industrial agribusiness continues to view them (farm animals) as commodities, rather than sentient individuals capable of experiencing joy and frustration, pain and suffering (1 HSUS). Farms across the world confine their animals into tiny cages and crates, to insure the maximization of their production numbers. Many ignore the welfare of their animals and force them to do unnatural and inhuman activities, for example, forcing hens to lay outrageous numbers of eggs per day (2 HSUS). Cases of farming corporations choosing their production numbers over the welfare of their animals include restricting farm animals into battery cages, and gestation and veal crates, for extremely long periods of time. For example, pigs may be crowded into a barn to the point that their individual growth and reproduction is reduced, yet the performance of the herd as a whole will increase (1 HSUS). This increase in the herds performance as a whole, causes farmers to continue believing the restriction of animals protection rights is for the best. The greater number of animals at their farm, the greater production rates will be; weather the animals are safe or unsafe, is not part of the equation. In the end it comes down to their willingness to give up manufacturing standards in exchange for their animals health necessities. Many animal activists believe animals, both domestic and wild, should be able to fully gain protection rights. They numerously try to campaign for animals to have the complete right to protect themselves, mainly against humans. According to the article, When the Law Recognizes Animals as People, For much of the twentieth century, the law considered pets, or companion animals, to be property akin to a rug or a toaster. Before that, pets had even fewer protections: Someone could steal and kill a pet without facing any penalties (2 Monyak). Animal activists are standing up for the beings who voices are not being heard by the world. One specific animal protest group, often recognized as DXE, openly challenged the safety of about 100,000 chickens who are housed at the Liberty Road Farm, in Petaluma California (1 Digitale Minichiello). This occurred in May of 2018 and it is believed to be the groups fourth protest for animals rights and protection. The activists entered Liberty Road Farm a nd removed ten chickens from the tens of thousands of chickens that were on the farm. They then went across the road and sang freedom-themed songs and held up flowers. Many said they intended on coming back to the farm, to check on the remaining chickens health, even if it resulted in their arrest. Cassie King, one of the many organizers that was arrested after entering the private property of Liberty Road Farm said, When the law is failing us, consumers and individuals have the right, and even the obligation, to reveal whatrs happening behind closed doors (2 Digitale Minichiello). Although the protestors were trying to provide aid and care to the sick and injured chickens, they also wanted to document the farmrs violations of Californiars animal cruelty laws. Weber, the owner of Liberty Road Farm, completely and utterly denies the activistrs claims of his chickens being neglected or abused (4 Digitale Minichiello). Other animal activist groups, who may not be so open to getting arr ested like DXE, strive to protect animals in other ways. For example, a nonprofit organization, known as The Nonhuman Rights Project, has requested that animals be transferred from captivity to animal sanctuaries (4 Monyak). Even with multiple setbacks and risks taken, many animal activists strongly believe their actions will greatly affect the future years to come. There are numerous possible solutions, balancing the needs for both farming corporations and animal activists, that may abolish animal cruelty completely. Since farming corporations want their production numbers to stay relatively high and animal activists do not want to witness animals hurting any further, one influential change could be different housing options for the animals. As the HSUS stated, One study demonstrated that birds in a cage-free, perch system moved on average seven times as far as the comparison group kept in cages (3 HSUS). Additional found in HSUSrs research, all the symptoms of chronic stress were eliminated after the calves were removed from the crates (9 HSUS). Also, new laws could be passed to control the treatment of animals. Although, all fifty states in the United States have laws in place to prevent animal cruelty (3 Monyak), clearly this law is not properly enforced or strong enough to keep humans from lashing out on animals, severely confining them, o r participating in even worse acts. Furthermore, animal activist groups could outwardly promote the production of vegan options in supermarkets and restaurants. This phase change would not only help preserve animals health and welfare, but also humans. Overall, there are many solutions that could effectively eliminate animal cruelty, and benefit both, the farming and the activist parties at the same time. Although many animals needs are met fairly easily compared to humans, that does not automatically mean we can take advantage of them. Fully abolishing animal cruelty will take many years of hard work and dedication from the farming corporations, as well as, the animal protest groups, but it is not impossible to achieve.